Samakkol Arudam – Lesson No 3 Determination of Udayam Different Method by Subramanian Venkataraman

Article by Subramanian Venkataraman, Port Blair

Note:   Samakkol Arudam deals with the calendar followed in Tamil Nadu, India and all references to the day, month will be only Tamil Calender only The Lesson 3 of Samakkol Arudam written by Shri Vaidhyanathan confirms with the provisions of Jinendramala.  The following method is also in vogue in South Tamil Nadu.   Let me explain the method clearly.

For understanding this method of determining the Udayam, the following table is essential.  The details of sunrise and sun set are not taken in to account in this method.  However, the day and month (Tamil Calender) is reckoned in this method.

DETERMINATION OF DHURUVA NUMBER

In Tamil Nadu where this system is practiced, the tamil calendar has 30 days or 31 days or 32 days in a month .  Further, the new authors practicing this calculation uses A.M. or P.M as the case may be and not the Railway Time.

We now calculate Udayam Suppose we are given the following data for which we are to determine the Udayam.
Chiththarai  Month 10^th day Friday at 10:24 AM.  This time we take as Aruda time.

From Dhuruva Number table, for the tenth day we have the figure as 42.
From the required time (10:24) the hour is removed and take the minute.  The minute here is less than the dhuruva number.
The rule is given hereunder:

1. If dhuruva number is either equal to or more than the minute column of Aruda time,  deduct 5 from the hours of Aruda time.  Here aruda time – minutes is 24 but dhuruva number is 42.  So 5 is deducted from the hour namely 10.  The result is 5.  This resultant figure may be termed as Rasi Number.
   Here the month for which we are determining Udayam falls in Chiththarai.  It denotes Mesha or Aries.  From this sign find the 5^th sign.  Here it is Leo and Leo will be Udayam
2. Suppose, dhuruva number is less than the minute of the aruda time, deduct 4 from the hour of aruda time. Select the Rasi Number.

We shall now take the example provided by Shri Vaidyanathan in his book.

August 6 Friday at 11 AM
In tamil month it is 22^nd of Ashada month.
Now we calculate Dhuruva number and Rasi Number for the time as per this alternate method.
The Dhuruva number for 22 is 18.
The rule number 1 is applicable here as the minute of the Aruda time(11.00) is lesser than dhuruva number (18) and hence the Rasi number will be 5.  The rasi number(5) is deducted from the hour (11)of aruda time.  The resultant figure is 6.  Now sun during Ashada month will be transiting in Cancer.  From Cancer sign, this figure of 6 is added to get the Udayam in Sagittarius sign.  This example in Lesson 3 also shows Sagittarius or Dhanur sign.

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Shri Vaidhyanathan has followed the principle as enunciated by Jinendramala for the calculation of Surya Veedi and the same calculation is followed by him through out the calculation.

But I have found the following practice by some of the followers of Samakkol Arudam in Tamil Nadu, India:

Surya Veedi consists of Leo to Capricorn clock-wise.
Chandra Veedi consists of Aquarius to Cancer If Udayam occurs in this surya Veedi, it is termed suba udayam If Arudam occurs in this chandra veedi, it is termed suba Arudam

If Udayam occurs in Chandra veedi then it is termed asuba Udayam If Arudam occurs in Surya Veedi then it is termed asuba Arudam

If both Udayam and Arudam falls under suba category, the answer will be subam If both Udayam and Arudam falls under asuba category, the answer will also be asubam
Note: The above rule is subjected to the condition that there are no planets in both Udayam and Arudam

The Samakkol Arudam is being practiced in Tamil Nadu, India and hence the Tamil Calendar is used everywhere.  It is our endeavour to provide any alternative thought in the particular subject, we try to incorporate the same as and when necessary so that our readers will have all the relevant theories before them.